付録:スラヴ祖語/zemľa
スラヴ祖語
[編集]語源
[編集]*zemь + 接尾辞 "*-ja" < バルト・スラヴ祖語 *źemē < 印欧祖語 *dʰéǵʰōm
同系語
[編集]名詞
[編集]zemľà 女性
格変化
[編集]*zemľà の格変化 (軟変化a語幹, アクセントパターンb)
| 単数 | 双数 | 複数 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 主格 | *zemľà | *zèmľi | *zemľę̇̀ |
| 対格 | *zemľǫ̀ | *zèmľi | *zemľę̇̀ |
| 生格 | *zemľę̇̀ | *zemľù | *zèmľь |
| 処格 | *zemľì | *zemľù | *zemľàsъ, *zemľàxъ* |
| 与格 | *zemľì | *zemľàma | *zemľàmъ |
| 造格 | *zemľèjǫ, *zèmľǫ** | *zemľàma | *zemľàmī |
| 呼格 | *zemľe | *zèmľi | *zemľę̇̀ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
*zemľà の格変化 (軟変化a語幹, アクセントパターンc)
| 単数 | 双数 | 複数 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 主格 | *zemľà | *zȅmľi | *zȅmľę̇ |
| 対格 | *zȅmľǫ | *zȅmľi | *zȅmľę̇ |
| 生格 | *zemľę̇́ | *zemľù | *zèmľь |
| 処格 | *zȅmľī | *zemľù | *zemľàsъ, *zemľàxъ* |
| 与格 | *zemľì | *zemľàma | *zemľàmъ |
| 造格 | *zemľejǫ́ | *zemľàma | *zemľàmi |
| 呼格 | *zemľe | *zȅmľi | *zȅmľę̇ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
関連語
[編集]諸言語への影響
[編集]- 東スラヴ語群:
- 南スラヴ語群:
- 西スラヴ語群: