γαστήρ

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Ancient Greek[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Dissimilation of earlier *γρᾰστήρ (*grastḗr, devourer), from γρᾰ́ω (gráō, to gnaw, eat) +‎ -τήρ (-tḗr, agent noun suffix).

Pronunciation[edit]

 

Noun[edit]

γᾰστήρ (gastḗrf (genitive γᾰστέρος or γᾰστρός); third declension

  1. paunch, belly, hollow, wide part
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.372:
       []· οὐδ᾽ ἤρκεσε θώρηξ χάλκεος, ὃν φορέεσκε, μέσῃ δ᾽ ἐν γαστέρι πῆξε.
       []; oud᾽ ḗrkese thṓrēx khálkeos, hòn phoréeske, mésēi d᾽ en gastéri pêxe.
    1. belly (for craving food); gluttony
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 6.133:
         []· κέλεται δέ ἑ γαστὴρ μήλων πειρήσοντα καὶ ἐς πυκινὸν δόμον ἐλθεῖν· []
         []; kéletai dé he gastḕr mḗlōn peirḗsonta kaì es pukinòn dómon eltheîn; []
      • 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Theogony 26:
         []· ποιμένες ἄγραυλοι, κάκ᾽ ἐλέγχεα, γαστέρες οἶον, ἴδμεν ψεύδεα πολλὰ λέγειν ἐτύμοισιν ὁμοῖα, []
         []; poiménes ágrauloi, kák᾽ elénkhea, gastéres oîon, ídmen pseúdea pollà légein etúmoisin homoîa, []
    2. sausage, haggis
      • 423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 409:
        ὀπτῶν γαστέρα τοῖς συγγένεσιν κᾆτ᾿ οὐκ ἔσχων ἀμελήσας, []
        optôn gastéra toîs sungénesin kâit᾿ ouk éskhōn amelḗsas, []
  2. (anatomy) womb
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.58:
      τῶν μή τις ὑπεκφύγοι αἰπὺν ὄλεθρον χεῖράς θ’ ἡμετέρας, μηδ’ ὅν τινα γαστέρι μήτηρ κοῦρον ἐόντα φέροι, μηδ’ ὃς φύγοι, []
      tôn mḗ tis hupekphúgoi aipùn ólethron kheîrás th’ hēmetéras, mēd’ hón tina gastéri mḗtēr koûron eónta phéroi, mēd’ hòs phúgoi, []
    • 6th century BC, Theognis of Megara, Elegies 305:
      Τοὶ κακοὶ οὐ πάντες κακοὶ ἐκ γαστρὸς γεγόνασιν, []
      Toì kakoì ou pántes kakoì ek gastròs gegónasin, []

Usage notes[edit]

The root of γᾰστήρ (gastḗr) contains an ε (e) between τ (t) and ρ (r) which is often syncopated, leading to alternative forms such as genitive singular γᾰστέρος (gastéros) and γᾰστρός (gastrós), dative singular γᾰστέρῐ (gastéri) and γᾰστρῐ́ (gastrí), dative plural γᾰστῆρσῐ (gastêrsi) and γᾰστρᾰ́σῐ (gastrási). The syncopated form is generally more common in forms with long suffixes, such as the aforementioned. The inflection table below lists the more common forms.

Inflection[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]