سلام

Arabic[edit]

Root
س ل م (s-l-m)

Etymology 1[edit]

Semantic loan from Aramaic שְׁלָמָא / ܫܠܵܡܵܐ (šəlāmā, “wholeness, welfare; peace”, used as a greeting)

Cognate with Hebrew שלום (shalóm).

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /sa.laːm/
Audio (file)

Noun[edit]

سَلَام • (salām) m

verbal noun of سَلِمَ (salima) (form I), well-being
peace
greeting

Declension[edit]

Declension of noun سَلَام (salām)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلَام salām	السَّلَام as-salām	سَلَام salām
Nominative	سَلَامٌ salāmun	السَّلَامُ as-salāmu	سَلَامُ salāmu
Accusative	سَلَامًا salāman	السَّلَامَ as-salāma	سَلَامَ salāma
Genitive	سَلَامٍ salāmin	السَّلَامِ as-salāmi	سَلَامِ salāmi

Derived terms[edit]

ٱلسَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ (s-salāmu ʕalaykum)
وَعَلَيْكُمُ ٱلسَّلَامُ (waʕalaykumu s-salāmu)
عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ (ʕalayhi s-salāmu)
سَلَامُ ٱللَّٰهِ عَلَيْهِ (salāmu llāhi ʕalayhi)
عَلَيْهِ ٱلصَّلَاةُ وَٱلسَّلَامُ (ʕalayhi ṣ-ṣalātu was-salāmu)

Interjection[edit]

سَلَام • (salām)

salutation; greeting

Descendants[edit]

Maltese: sliem
→ Azerbaijani: salam
→ Bashkir: сәләм (sələm)
→ Central Kurdish: سڵاو (siḷaw)
→ Chechen: салам (salam)
→ Chinese:
Dungan: сэляму (seli͡amu)

Mandarin: 色蘭／色兰 (sèlán), 薩拉姆／萨拉姆 (sàlāmǔ)
→ Chuvash: салам (salam)
→ Classical Persian: سلام (salām)
- → Bengali: সেলাম (śelam), সালাম (salam)
- → Gujarati: સલામ (salām)
- → Hindustani:
  Hindi: सलाम (salām)
  Urdu: سلام (salām)
  - → Mauritian Creole: salam
- → Kazakh: сәлем (sälem)
- → Kyrgyz: салам (salam)
- → Marathi: सलाम (salām)
- → Mazanderani: سلام (selâm)
- → Nepali: सलाम (salām)
- → Punjabi: ਸਲਾਮ (salām)
- → Pashto: سلام (salām)
- → Sindhi: (salāmu)
  Arabic script: سَلامُ
  Devanagari script: सलामु
- → Telugu: సలాము (salāmu), సలాం (salāṁ)
- → Turkmen: salam, selam
- → Uyghur: سالام (salam)
- → Uzbek: salom
→ English: salaam
→ Finnish: salaam
→ French: salam
→ Georgian: სალამი (salami)
→ German: Salam
→ Greek: σαλάμ (salám)
→ Hebrew: סלאם (salam)
→ Hungarian: szálem
→ Japanese: サラーム (sarāmu)
→ Korean: 살람 (sallam)
→ Lak: салам (salam)
→ Lezgi: салам (salam)
→ Malagasy: salama
→ Malay: salam
- Indonesian: salam
→ Maranao: salam
→ Middle Armenian: սալամ (salam), սէլամ (sēlam)
→ Northern Kurdish: selam, silav
→ Ossetian: салам (salam)
→ Ottoman Turkish: سلام (selam), սէլամ (selam)
- Turkish: selam
- → Albanian: selam
- → Cappadocian Greek: σελάμι (selámi)
→ Polish: salam
→ Portuguese: salama
→ Russian: саля́м (saljám), селя́м (seljám), сала́м (salám), сало́м (salóm)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: сѐла̄м

Latin script: sèlām
→ Swahili: salamu, salaam
→ Tatar: сәлам (sälam)
→ Vietnamese: xa-lam

References[edit]

Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, page 175

Etymology 2[edit]

Belonging to the root س ل م (s-l-m).

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /si.laːm/

Noun[edit]

سِلَام • (silām) m

verbal noun of سَالَمَ (sālama) (form III)

Declension[edit]

Declension of noun سِلَام (silām)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِلَام silām	السِّلَام as-silām	سِلَام silām
Nominative	سِلَامٌ silāmun	السِّلَامُ as-silāmu	سِلَامُ silāmu
Accusative	سِلَامًا silāman	السِّلَامَ as-silāma	سِلَامَ silāma
Genitive	سِلَامٍ silāmin	السِّلَامِ as-silāmi	سِلَامِ silāmi

Noun[edit]

سِلَام • (silām) m

plural of variety of سَلِم (salim, “stones”), or alternative collective
plural of variety of سَلَْم (salam, “Acacia ehrenbergiana”)

Declension[edit]

Declension of noun سِلَام (silām)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِلَام silām	السِّلَام as-silām	سِلَام silām
Nominative	سِلَامٌ silāmun	السِّلَامُ as-silāmu	سِلَامُ silāmu
Accusative	سِلَامًا silāman	السِّلَامَ as-silāma	سِلَامَ silāma
Genitive	سِلَامٍ silāmin	السِّلَامِ as-silāmi	سِلَامِ silāmi

References[edit]

Wehr, Hans (1979) “سلم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Central Kurdish[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

سڵاو (səɫaːw)

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic سَلَام (salām, “peace”).

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /sælaːm/

Noun[edit]

سلام (sælaːm)

Mazanderani[edit]

Interjection[edit]

سلام (selâm)

hello

Ottoman Turkish[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

սէլամ (selam) — Armeno-Turkish

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Arabic سَلَام (salām).

Noun[edit]

سلام • (selam)

greetings

Derived terms[edit]

سلاملق (selamlık, “selamlik”)

Descendants[edit]

Turkish: selam
→ Albanian: selam
→ Cappadocian Greek: σελάμι (selámi)

Persian[edit]

Persian Wikipedia has an article on:

سلام

Wikipedia ^fa

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Arabic سَلَام (salām, “peace”).

Pronunciation[edit]

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [sa.ˈlɑːm]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.lɑ́ːm]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [sä.lɑ́ːm]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [sä.lɔ́ːm]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [sæ.lɒ́ːm]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.lɔ́m]

Readings
Classical reading^?	salām
Dari reading^?	salām
Iranian reading^?	salâm
Tajik reading^?	salom

Audio (Iran) (file)

Interjection[edit]


Iranian Persian	سلام
Dari	سلام
Tajik	салом

سلام • (salâm)

hello, hi, hiya
― salâm ― hello!

― salâm aleykom ― hello! (more formal)

Noun[edit]

سلام • (salâm)

salutation; greeting
Synonym: درود (dorud)
- c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 114”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎^[1]:
  به بارگاه تو چون باد را نباشد بار
  کی اتفاق مجال سلام ما افتد
  ba bārgāh-i tu čūn bād rā na-bāšad bār
  kay ittifāq-i majāl-i salām-i mā uftad
  When even the wind has no right to pass through your reception room,
  How should the opportunity for me to say hello ever come to pass?
  (Classical Persian transliteration)
(military) salute
(Islam) the salam uttered at the end of prayer

Related terms[edit]

سلام دادن (salâm dâdan)
سلام رساندن (salâm resândan)
سلام علیکم (salâm aleykom)
سلام کردن (salâm kardan)

Descendants[edit]

→ Bengali: সেলাম (śelam), সালাম (salam)
→ Gujarati: સલામ (salām)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: सलाम (salām)

Urdu: سلام (salām)
- → Mauritian Creole: salam
→ Kazakh: сәлем (sälem)
→ Kyrgyz: салам (salam)
→ Marathi: सलाम (salām)
→ Mazanderani: سلام (selâm)
→ Nepali: सलाम (salām)
→ Punjabi: ਸਲਾਮ (salām)
→ Pashto: سلام (salām)
→ Sindhi: (salāmu)
Arabic script: سَلامُ

Devanagari script: सलामु
→ Telugu: సలాము (salāmu), సలాం (salāṁ)
→ Turkmen: salam, selam
→ Uyghur: سالام (salam)
→ Uzbek: salom

Punjabi[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Arabic سَلَام (salām).

Pronunciation[edit]

(Standard Punjabi) IPA^(key): /sə.läːmə/

Noun[edit]

سلام • (salām) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸਲਾਮ)

Sindhi[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic سَلَام (salām).

Interjection[edit]

سَلامُ • (salāmu) (Devanagari सलामु)

(used by Muslims) hello, hi

Noun[edit]

سَلامُ • (salāmu) m (Devanagari सलामु)

peace; greeting

South Levantine Arabic[edit]

Root
س ل م
8 terms

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic سَلام (salām).

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /sa.laːm/, [saˈlæːm]
Audio (Ramallah) (file)

Noun[edit]

سلام • (salām) m (plural سلامات (salāmāt))

peace, peacefulness

Derived terms[edit]

السلام عليكم (as-salāmu ʕalēkom, “peace be upon you”)

Southern Kurdish[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

سەڵام (sellam)

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic سَلَام (salām, “peace”).

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): (Ilami) /sæɫaːm/

Noun[edit]

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سەلام (sælaːm)

Urdu[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Classical Persian (salām), itself from Arabic سَلَام (salām).

Pronunciation[edit]

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /sə.lɑːm/
Rhymes: -ɑːm
Hyphenation: سَ‧لام

Interjection[edit]

سَلام • (salām) (Hindi spelling सलाम)

interjection used to greet or fare adieu to someone
Clipping of السلام علیکم (al-salām 'alaikum, “hello, hi, hiya”).
سَلام! ― salām! ― hello!

سَلام عَلَیکُم!
salām 'alaikum!
hello!

Noun[edit]

سَلام • (salām) m (Hindi spelling सलाम)

greeting, salutation
regards
اَبُّو کو سَلام دینا
abbū ko salām denā
Send [my] regards to your father.
a salute (chiefly military but not limited to).
(literally, rare) peace

Declension[edit]

Declension of سلام
	singular	plural
direct	سلام (salām)	سلام (salām)
oblique	سلام (salām)	سلاموں (salāmō̃)
vocative	سلام (salām)	سلامو (salāmō)

References[edit]

“سلام”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
“سلام”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “سلام”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.

سلام

Arabic[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Declension[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Interjection[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Declension[edit]

Noun[edit]

Declension[edit]

References[edit]

Central Kurdish[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Mazanderani[edit]

Interjection[edit]

Ottoman Turkish[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Noun[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Persian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Interjection[edit]

Noun[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Punjabi[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Sindhi[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Interjection[edit]

Noun[edit]

South Levantine Arabic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Southern Kurdish[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Urdu[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Interjection[edit]

Noun[edit]

Declension[edit]

References[edit]

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