က

See also: ကို, ကဲ့, ᨠ, and က္

က U+1000, က MYANMAR LETTER KA [unassigned: U+0FDB–U+0FFF] ← ࿚ [U+0FDA] Myanmar ခ → [U+1001]

Burmese

Pronunciation

• Phonetic respellings: က, ဂ
• IPA^(key): /ka̰/, /ɡa̰/
• Romanization: MLCTS: ka. • ALA-LC: ka • BGN/PCGN: ka./ga. • Okell: ká/ká

• Audio

  (file)

Usage notes

• The voiced pronunciation /ɡa̰/ occurs in the conjunction, particle, and postposition only, and only after a vowel or /ɴ/.
• When followed by ျ and ြ, forms digraphs ကျ and ကြ, pronounced /t͡ɕ/ (in unvoiced positions) or /d͡ʑ/ when voiced.

Etymology 1

Letter

က • (ka.)

1. Ka, the first letter of the Burmese alphabet, called ကကြီး (ka.kri:) in Burmese.

Etymology 2

Conjunction

က • (ka.)

1. if

   မိုးရွာက ― mui:rwaka. ― if it rains

Synonyms

• ရင် (rang)
• လျှင် (hlyang) (literary)
• အကယ်၍ (a.kairwe)

Etymology 3

Compare Korean 가 (-ga, “subject marker”).

Particle

က • (ka.)

1. indicates the subject of the sentence, a topic marker

   သူက ဒီလို ပြောခဲ့တယ်

   suka. dilui prau:hkai.tai

   He said like this.

Etymology 4

Postposition

က • (ka.)

1. in, on (in reference to a point in time in the past)

   ပြီးခဲ့တဲ့နှစ်က ― pri:hkai.tai.hnacka. ― (in the) last year

2. from (in reference to a place)

   တောင်ဘက်က ― taungbhakka. ― from the south

   ရန်ကုန်က ― rankunka. ― from Rangoon

Etymology 5

Cognate with Chinese 歌 (gē, “to sing”) and Tibetan གར (gar, “to dance”).

Verb

က • (ka.)

Burmese word set

Verb	က (ka.)
Noun	အက (a.ka.)

1. to dance

Synonyms

• ကခုန် (ka.hkun)

Etymology 6

Borrowed from Mon က.

Noun

က • (ka.)

1. (only used in compounds) fish

References

• “က” in Burmese/Myanmar Dictionary of Grammatical Forms (Routledge 2001, →ISBN), by John Okell and Anna Allott.
• “က” in Myanmar–English Dictionary (Myanmar Language Commission 1993). Searchable online at SEAlang.net.

Mon

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kaʔ/

• Audio

  (file)

Etymology 1

An instance of Translingual က, ultimately descending from Brahmi 𑀓.

Letter

က (ka)

1. Ka, the first consonant of the Mon alphabet.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Mon-Khmer *kaʔ (“fish”).

Noun

က (ka)

1. fish

   ကအရံၚ် (kaʼaraṃṅ)

Etymology 3

Noun

က (ka)

1. howdah harness saddle.
2. fulcrum, short prop

Etymology 4

Verb

က (ka)

1. to be lacking.
2. to fail.

   ရုံဟွံကပဵုသှာတ်အာဣရ။

   ruṃhwaṃkapeushātʼāʼira.

   There is enough and to spare.

   သြန်မသုန်စှော်ဟွံက။

   sranmasunchokhwaṃka.

   There is fifty rupees and more.

Etymology 5

Verb

က (transliteration needed)

1. to harness a horse or any draught animal.

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative forms

• ka (Latin script)
• 𑀓 (Brahmi script)
• क (Devanagari script)
• ক (Bengali script)
• ක (Sinhalese script)
• ၵ (Burmese script)
• ก or กะ (Thai script)
• ᨠ (Tai Tham script)
• ກ or ກະ (Lao script)
• ក (Khmer script)
• 𑄇 (Chakma script)

Pronoun

က m

1. Burmese script form of ka (“who (m.)”)

Declension

Declension table of "က" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	ကော (ko)	ကေ (ke)
Accusative (second)	ကံ (kaṃ)	ကေ (ke)
Instrumental (third)	ကေန (kena)	ကေဟိ (kehi) or ကေဘိ (kebhi)
Dative (fourth)	ကဿ (kassa) or ကိဿ (kissa)	ကေသံ (kesaṃ) or ကေသာနံ (kesānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	ကသ္မာ (kasmā) or ကိသ္မာ (kismā)	ကေဟိ (kehi) or ကေဘိ (kebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	ကဿ (kassa) or ကိဿ (kissa)	ကေသံ (kesaṃ) or ကေသာနံ (kesānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	ကသ္မိံ (kasmiṃ) or ကမှိ (kamhi) or ကိသ္မိံ (kismiṃ) or ကိမှိ (kimhi)	ကေသု (kesu)

Pronoun

က n

1. Burmese script form of ka (“what”)

Declension

Declension table of "က" (neuter)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	ကိံ (kiṃ)	ကာနိ (kāni)
Accusative (second)	ကိံ (kiṃ)	ကာနိ (kāni)
Instrumental (third)	ကေန (kena)	ကေဟိ (kehi) or ကေဘိ (kebhi)
Dative (fourth)	ကဿ (kassa) or ကိဿ (kissa)	ကေသံ (kesaṃ) or ကေသာနံ (kesānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)	ကသ္မာ (kasmā) or ကိသ္မာ (kismā)	ကေဟိ (kehi) or ကေဘိ (kebhi)
Genitive (sixth)	ကဿ (kassa) or ကိဿ (kissa)	ကေသံ (kesaṃ) or ကေသာနံ (kesānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)	ကသ္မိံ (kasmiṃ) or ကမှိ (kamhi) or ကိသ္မိံ (kismiṃ) or ကိမှိ (kimhi)	ကေသု (kesu)