flumen

See also: flúmen

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin flumen (“river”). Doublet of flume.

Noun

flumen (plural flumina)

1. (astronomy, geology) In planetary geology, any of the river-like features on Saturn's moon Titan.

Latin

Etymology

From fluō (“I flow”) +‎ -men (noun-forming suffix).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈfluː.men/, [ˈfɫ̪uːmɛn]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈflu.men/, [ˈfluːmen]

Noun

flūmen n (genitive flūminis); third declension

1. river

   Synonym: fluvius

   • c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.1:

     Gallōs ab Aquītānīs Garumna flūmen, ā Belgīs Mātrona et Sēquana dīvidit.

     The Garonne river separates the Gauls from the Aquitani; from the Belgae, the Marne and the Seine (separate them).

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	flūmen	flūmina
Genitive	flūminis	flūminum
Dative	flūminī	flūminibus
Accusative	flūmen	flūmina
Ablative	flūmine	flūminibus
Vocative	flūmen	flūmina

Derived terms

• flūmineus

Related terms

• fluō
• fluvius

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: flumin
• Dalmatian:
  • floim
• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: fiume
  • Italian: fiume
  • Judeo-Italian: פְֿלוּמוֹ (flumo)
  • Neapolitan: sciummo
  • Sicilian: ciumi
• Padanian:
  • Friulian: flum
  • Istriot: fioûme, fiòume
  • Ligurian: sciumme
  • Romansch: flum, (Sutsilvan, Surmiran) flem, (Puter, Vallader) flüm
  • Venetian: fium, fiume
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Old Catalan: flum, flom
  • Old French: flum (see there for further descendants)
  • Occitan: flume, flum
• Ibero-Romance: (early borrowings?)
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: frume, flume
    • Portuguese: flume
  • Old Spanish: flum
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: frùmene, frùmini
• Borrowings:
  • → English: flumen
  • → Portuguese: flúmen

References

• “flumen”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “flumen”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• flumen in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to draw off water from a river: aquam ex flumine derivare
    
  • the rivers flows with a rapid current: flumen citatum fertur
    
  • a river swollen by the rain: flumen imbribus auctum
    
  • the river is over its banks, is in flood: flumen super ripas effunditur
    
  • the river is over its banks, is in flood: flumen extra ripas diffluit
    
  • the river floods the fields: flumen agros inundat
    
  • to wade across, to ford a river: flumen vado transire
    
  • with the stream; downstream: flumine secundo
    
  • against the stream; upstream: flumine adverso
    
  • flow of oratory: flumen orationis (De Or. 2. 15. 62)
    
  • senseless rant: inanium verborum flumen
    
  • to build a bridge over a river: pontem facere in flumine
    
  • to build a bridge over a river: flumen ponte iungere
    
  • there is a bridge over the river: pons est in flumine
    

Anagrams

• fulmen