primus

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See also: Primus and prímus

English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin prīmus (“[the] first”); related to prior, the comparative form. Partially cognate to foremost, from Proto-Indo-European [Term?].

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

primus (plural primuses)

  1. One of the bishops of the Scottish Episcopal Church, who presides at the meetings of the bishops, and has certain privileges but no metropolitan authority.
    • 1884, Gonzalo Canilla, speech at the Centenary of the consecration of Samuel Seabury
      my own grandfather, some time Bishop of Edinburgh, among its Primuses

See also[edit]

References[edit]

“primus”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

Anagrams[edit]

Latin[edit]

Latin numbers (edit)
10
I
1 		2  → [a], [b] 10  → 
    Cardinal: ūnus
    Ordinal: prīmus
    Adverbial: semel
    Multiplier: simplex, simplus
    Distributive: singulus
    Collective: ūniō
    Fractional: integer

Etymology[edit]

From earlier prīsmos, from Proto-Italic *priisemos, a superlative form of the obsolete preposition *pri ~ *prei, related to prae (“before”) (see -issimus for the superlative), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *preh₂- (“before”). Compare prior (“earlier, in front”), the corresponding comparative. Cognate of Oscan promom, Umbrian promom (“first”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

prīmus (feminine prīma, neuter prīmum, adverb prīmō); first/second-declension adjective

  1. first, early
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Metamorphoses 1.2–4:
      […] dī, coeptīs (nam vōs mūtāstis et illa)
      adspīrāte meīs prīmāque ab orīgine mundī
      ad mea perpetuum dēdūcite tempora carmen!
      O gods, favor my undertakings (for you have changed them too), and lead my uninterrupted song down from the first origin of the world to my times!

Declension[edit]

First/second-declension adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative prīmus prīma prīmum prīmī prīmae prīma
Genitive prīmī prīmae prīmī prīmōrum prīmārum prīmōrum
Dative prīmō prīmō prīmīs
Accusative prīmum prīmam prīmum prīmōs prīmās prīma
Ablative prīmō prīmā prīmō prīmīs
Vocative prīme prīma prīmum prīmī prīmae prīma

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Descendants which mean "cousin" derive from the ellipsis of cōnsobrīnus prīmus (“first cousin”)

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • “primus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “primus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • primus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • primus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to have a superficial knowledge, a smattering of literature, of the sciences: primis (ut dicitur) or primoribus labris gustare or attingere litteras
    • to receive the first elements of a liberal education: primis litterarum elementis imbui
    • the actor who plays the leading part: actor primarum (secundarum, tertiarum) partium
    • to give the palm, the first place (for wisdom) to some one: primas (e.g. sapientiae) alicui deferre, tribuere, concedere
    • (ambiguous) at the first opportunity: primo quoque tempore
    • (ambiguous) at the beginning of spring: ineunte, primo vere
    • (ambiguous) we start by presupposing that..: positum est a nobis primum (c. Acc. c. Inf.)
    • (ambiguous) to be considered the foremost orator: primum or principem inter oratores locum obtinere
    • (ambiguous) to occupy the first, second position in the state: principem (primum), secundum locum dignitatis obtinere
    • (ambiguous) the vanguard: agmen primum
  • “primus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • primus in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
  • “primus”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 488

Romanian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from German Primus.

Noun[edit]

primus n (plural primusuri)

  1. kerosene stove

Declension[edit]

Declension of primus
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) primus primusul (niște) primusuri primusurile
genitive/dative (unui) primus primusului (unor) primusuri primusurilor
vocative primusule primusurilor
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