relinquo

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *wrelinkʷō. Equivalent to re- +‎ linquō (“I leave, forsake”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /reˈlin.kʷoː/, [rɛˈlʲɪŋkʷoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /reˈlin.kwo/, [reˈliŋkwo]

Verb

relinquō (present infinitive relinquere, perfect active relīquī, supine relictum); third conjugation

1. to abandon, relinquish, forsake, leave (behind), depart (from), give up, desert

   Synonyms: dēserō, omittō, dēdō, concēdō, dēcēdō, dēstituō, dēficiō, oblīvīscor, cēdō, linquō, dēsinō, trānsmittō, dissimulō, trādō, addīcō, praetereō, neglegō, pōnō, reddō, remittō, permittō, tribuō

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.281–282:

     Ārdet abīre fugā dulcisque relinquere terrās,
     attonitus tantō monitū imperiōque deōrum.

     [Aeneas] burns to flee, escape, and leave behind the pleasant lands [of Libya], stunned by such a warning – and by order of the gods!
     (Mercury has delivered Jupiter’s command: Aeneas must leave Carthage and fulfill his destiny in Italy.)

   • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Proverbs.9.6:

     relinquite īnfantiam, et vīvite, et ambulātē per viās prūdentiae

     Forsake childishness, and live, and walk by the ways of prudence. (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.; 1752 CE)

Conjugation

Conjugation of relinquō (third conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	relinquō	relinquis	relinquit	relinquimus	relinquitis	relinquunt
	imperfect	relinquēbam	relinquēbās	relinquēbat	relinquēbāmus	relinquēbātis	relinquēbant
	future	relinquam	relinquēs	relinquet	relinquēmus	relinquētis	relinquent
	perfect	relīquī	relīquistī	relīquit	relīquimus	relīquistis	relīquērunt, relīquēre
	pluperfect	relīqueram	relīquerās	relīquerat	relīquerāmus	relīquerātis	relīquerant
	future perfect	relīquerō	relīqueris	relīquerit	relīquerimus	relīqueritis	relīquerint
passive	present	relinquor	relinqueris, relinquere	relinquitur	relinquimur	relinquiminī	relinquuntur
	imperfect	relinquēbar	relinquēbāris, relinquēbāre	relinquēbātur	relinquēbāmur	relinquēbāminī	relinquēbantur
	future	relinquar	relinquēris, relinquēre	relinquētur	relinquēmur	relinquēminī	relinquentur
	perfect	relictus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	relictus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	relictus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	relinquam	relinquās	relinquat	relinquāmus	relinquātis	relinquant
	imperfect	relinquerem	relinquerēs	relinqueret	relinquerēmus	relinquerētis	relinquerent
	perfect	relīquerim	relīquerīs	relīquerit	relīquerīmus	relīquerītis	relīquerint
	pluperfect	relīquissem	relīquissēs	relīquisset	relīquissēmus	relīquissētis	relīquissent
passive	present	relinquar	relinquāris, relinquāre	relinquātur	relinquāmur	relinquāminī	relinquantur
	imperfect	relinquerer	relinquerēris, relinquerēre	relinquerētur	relinquerēmur	relinquerēminī	relinquerentur
	perfect	relictus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	relictus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	relinque	—	—	relinquite	—
	future	—	relinquitō	relinquitō	—	relinquitōte	relinquuntō
passive	present	—	relinquere	—	—	relinquiminī	—
	future	—	relinquitor	relinquitor	—	—	relinquuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		relinquere	relīquisse	relictūrum esse	relinquī	relictum esse	relictum īrī
participles		relinquēns	—	relictūrus	—	relictus	relinquendus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		relinquendī	relinquendō	relinquendum	relinquendō	relictum	relictū

Derived terms

• nuces relinquere
• reliquiae
• derelinquo

Descendants

• Old French: relenquir
  • French: relenquir (now dialectal or obsolete, still in use in Normandy and Picardy however)
• Portuguese: relinquir
• Spanish: relinquir
• → English: relinquish

References

• “relinquo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “relinquo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• relinquo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to overtake and pass some one: post se relinquere aliquem
    
  • a man loses his senses, becomes unconscious: animus relinquit aliquem
    
  • to leave a great reputation behind one: magnam sui famam relinquere
    
  • to leave a thing undecided: aliquid in medio, in dubio relinquere (Cael. 20. 48)
    
  • to leave a thing undecided: aliquid dubium, incertum relinquere
    
  • to leave a point undecided: in controversia relinquere aliquid
    
  • to follow the standards: signa sequi (opp. a signis discedere, signa relinquere)
    
  • to leave troops to guard the camp: praesidio castris milites relinquere
    
  • to give up an assault, a siege: oppugnationem, obsidionem relinquere
    
  • let us leave that undecided: hoc in medio relinquamus
    
  • (ambiguous) something has been left as a legacy by some one: hereditate aliquid relictum est ab aliquo