付録:スラヴ祖語/trava
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スラヴ祖語[編集]
異表記・別形[編集]
- *trěva (e階梯)
語源[編集]
名詞[編集]
*trāvà 女性
- 草。
*trāvà の格変化 (硬変化a語幹, アクセントパターンb)
| 単数 | 双数 | 複数 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 主格 | *trāvà | *trãvě | *trāvỳ |
| 対格 | *trāvǫ̀ | *trãvě | *trāvỳ |
| 生格 | *trāvỳ | *trāvù | *trãvъ |
| 処格 | *trāvě̀ | *trāvù | *trāvàsъ, *trāvàxъ* |
| 与格 | *trāvě̀ | *trāvàma | *trāvàmъ |
| 造格 | *trāvòjǫ, *trãvǫ** | *trāvàma | *trāvàmī |
| 呼格 | *travo | *trãvě | *trāvỳ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
関連語[編集]
諸言語への影響[編集]
- 東スラヴ語群:
- 南スラヴ語群:
- 西スラヴ語群: